'Brain-Eating Amoeba' Kills 19 in Kerala; Know Symptoms and Preventive Measures

The Health Department has issued a high alert across the state due to the rising cases of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), a rare but deadly infection.

This infection typically enters the body through the nose via contaminated water and causes severe brain inflammation.

According to the latest Health Department report, 69 confirmed cases have been reported this year, with 19 fatalities.Notably, all patients range from a three-month-old infant to a 91-year-old elderly person.

Health Minister Veena George stated that last year, infections were primarily linked to specific clusters in districts like Kozhikode and Malappuram. However, this year, cases are emerging from various parts of the state, complicating epidemiological investigations.

Minister George emphasized that early detection is critical. Kerala's survival rate for this infection is 24%, significantly higher than the global rate of 3%. This success is attributed to timely diagnosis and the use of the ant parasitic drug 'Miltefosine.'

Accordng to reports,the infection typically occurs when a person comes into contact with contaminated water, and the amoeba enters the body through the nose.

The amoeba reaches the brain, causing severe inflammation.

Severe headache

Fever

Nausea and vomiting

Rapidly worsening condition, including seizures and unconsciousness

Preventive Measures

The government has urged people to take precautions:

Avoid swimming or bathing in ponds, lakes, or other stagnant water bodies.

Use a nose clip or keep your nose closed when entering freshwater.

Ensure community wells and water tanks are cleaned and treated with chlorine.

Seek immediate medical attention if symptoms appear after water exposure.

The state government has directed all hospitals to test every case of meningoencephalitis for PAM. The Health Department has intensified surveillance and launched public awareness campaigns.

Experts note that the use of contaminated water sources during the rainy season and warm weather can increase the risk of infection. Therefore, vigilance and timely treatment are the most critical preventive measures.